Ukraine crisis: Poroshenko says peace deal in danger


Rebels prepare to head into battle against government forces near the town of Debaltseve - 13 February 2015  

The Ukrainian president has warned a deal to end the war in the east is in "great danger" after heavy fighting ahead of Saturday night's ceasefire.
Petro Poroshenko also accused Russia of "significantly increasing" its offensive in spite of the peace agreement reached in Minsk on Thursday.
Meanwhile, the US said it was very concerned by reports of heavy weapons coming across the border from Russia.

More than a dozen civilians are said to have died in shelling on Friday.
It is unclear who was behind the shelling but both the Ukrainian military and pro-Russian rebels in the eastern Donetsk and Luhansk regions accuse each other of targeting residential areas.
'Escalation expected' With less than 24 hours until the ceasefire is due to take effect, correspondents say the fighting shows no sign of stopping.
The fiercest battles have been around Debaltseve, a strategic town in between rebel-held areas.
Ukrainian Deputy Defence Minister Petro Mekhed said the rebels wanted to "raise their flag" over Debaltseve and the key port city of Mariupol before the midnight ceasefire (22:00 GMT) ceasefire kicked in.
"Ukraine is expecting an escalation and taking all necessary measures to be able to respond," Mr Mekhed told reporters.
Rebel fighters have continued to besiege the government-held town of Debaltseve
A resident looks out of her damaged windows after shelling in a residential area of Artemivsk in eastern Ukraine - 13 February 2015  
A young child was killed in Artemivsk in what the local authorities said was shelling by rebels
A Ukrainian serviceman loads ammunition into a tank in territory controlled by Ukraine's government in the Donetsk region - 13 February 2015 
 Government forces were also reported to have retaken a number of villages around Mariupol
Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko (left) with Prime Minister Arseniy Yatseniuk at a military training base outside Kiev - 13 February 2015 
 President Poroshenko said despite the agreement there was a "long way to go to peace"
Rebel shelling killed two people in a cafe in Shchastya, near Luhansk, on Friday as well as a young child near a school in Artemivsk, a town near Debaltseve, according to Kiev-controlled regional authorities.
Meanwhile, the rebels said at least six people had died in shelling in the city of Donetsk and town of Horlivka. The rebels accuse government forces of shelling the towns.
"After what we achieved in Minsk this is not just shelling of Ukrainian civilians and residential neighbourhoods - this is an attack on our Minsk achievements, without any explanations," President Poroshenko said.
"Unfortunately, after Minsk, Russia's offensive operations have intensified," he said, before adding: "We are still convinced that the Minsk achievements are in a big danger."
There were also reports of a government offensive near Mariupol, the city between rebel-held eastern areas and the southern Crimea peninsula, which was annexed by Russia last March.
'Serious live fire' The new clashes have fuelled fears that the peace deal agreed in the Belarusian capital could fall through before the ceasefire starts.
The group responsible for monitoring the ceasefire said it remained hopeful despite there being "quite serious live fire" in several areas on Friday.
"We feel that the Minsk agreements are really the only available roadmap to a sustainable ceasefire," Michael Bociurkiw, spokesman for the OSCE, told the BBC.
The latest Minsk agreement:
  • Ceasefire to begin at 00:01 local time on 15 February (22:01 GMT 14 February)
  • Heavy weapons to be withdrawn, beginning on 16 February and completed in two weeks - beyond a buffer zone behind the current front line for Ukrainian forces and behind the September front line for separatist forces
  • All prisoners to be released; amnesty for those involved in fighting
  • Withdrawal of all foreign troops and weapons from Ukrainian territory. Disarmament of all illegal groups
  • Ukraine to allow resumption of normal life in rebel areas, by lifting restrictions
  • Constitutional reform to enable decentralisation for rebel regions by the end of 2015
  • Ukraine to control border with Russia if conditions met by the end of 2015
line
Pro-Russian rebels signed the peace agreement but key issues remain to be settled, including the situation in Debaltseve.
European leaders have warned Russia that it could face additional sanctions if the agreement is not respected.
German Chancellor Angela Merkel said the deal offered "a glimmer of hope", but warned: "It is very important that words are followed by actions."
Map
Ukraine and the West accuse Russia of supplying weapons and personnel to the rebels but Russia denies this.
Officials say more than 5,400 people have been killed since the conflict began, but the UN believes the actual death toll to be much higher.
There has been a dramatic rise in casualties in recent days, with 263 civilians killed in populated areas between 31 January and 5 February.

Two Minsk accords - what are the differences?

September 2014 February 2015
The ceasefire
No precise timing set.
Starts at 00:00 local time on 15 Feb.
Withdrawal of heavy weapons
No timetable, buffer zone of 30km (19 miles) to be created.
Buffer zones from 50km to maximum of 140km; withdrawal to start by 16 Feb. Completion within two weeks.
Withdrawal of troops
Pull-back demanded from existing frontline (at the time of signing the Ukrainian army had pushed the rebels back, but later the rebels made big gains).
Ukrainian army pulls back from current frontline, but rebels retreat from 19 Sep 2014 line, so some recent rebel gains will be lost.
Control of Ukraine-Russia border
OSCE to monitor border permanently, and security zones to be set up on both sides of border.
Ukraine to regain full control of border only after local elections in Donetsk and Luhansk and after a full political settlement - deadline is end of 2015.
Release of all hostages
Immediate.
To be completed at latest on fifth day after military withdrawal.
Economic help for Donetsk/Luhansk
Provide humanitarian aid and work to restore normal economic activity (no timetable).
Provide humanitarian aid; restore full economic links with Donetsk/Luhansk, including welfare payments and banking services; Ukrainian state to help develop Donetsk/Luhansk and regions' co-operation with Russia.
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